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| Тема |
 Re: V zorata na Evropa i sveta - Bulgaria/linkove, [re: l/samo link-ove] |
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| Автор | l (Нерегистриран) | |
| Публикувано | 01.05.05 00:47 |
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Bulgarska Trakia
Bulgaria.The Thracian treasure from Rogozen
The fund of Thracian monuments of art and culture has increased steadily in the last decades. One after the other Thracian gold treasures were found at Vulchi Trun and Panagyurishte and silver treasures came to light at Boukyovtsi, Galiche, Vladinya, Letnitsa, Loukovit, Radyuvene, Borovo and Yakimovo. They were supplemented by a series of exquisitely worked objects, made of precious metals and found at the rich Tracian burials at Mogilanska Mogila in Vratza, Branichevo and Kralevo.
Bulgaria,Vraca
CIVILIZATION ORIGINATED IN VRATZA
The European civilization originated around Vratza. This is the the belief of archaeologists who in the last week of October 2004 found the oldest skeleton in Europe near the village of Ohoden. According to the scientists this is a truly sensational discovery because it shows with certainty that the birthplace of European agriculture is here.
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CIVILIZATION ORIGINATED IN VRATZA
"The skeleton is about 9000 years old and about 4 centuries older than the ones found on the Balkan peninsular until now", said the head of the archaeological research team Georgi Ganetzovski from the Historical Museum of Vratza.
According to the member and correspondent of BAN (Bulgarian academy of sciences) Henrieta Todorova, the skeleton is about 8100 years old. This does not make it less interesting and valuable because it is the first remnant of a human being from that time period to be found in Bulgaria. Today there are 3 or 4 remnants of skeletons from that time on the Balkan peninsular, but this is the only one that is completely preserved.
The archaeologists found a skull under the threshold of an ancient house on a Saturday in the last week of October 2004. The face had European and Mediterranian features.After they carefully tried to dig it out, they found the whole skeleton of a young woman, who according to them, must have had an impressive Hollywood smile. All of her teeth were beautifully alligned and healthy, just like it is with the movie stars today. Jokingly, the archaeologista named their finding Todorka, after the mayor of the village of Ohoden.
A whole week passed before the team was ready to take the skeleton out. Untill now, nobody on the Balkan peninsular had succeeded in taking a skeleton out in one peace. Henrieta Todorova had participated in such operations before but the skeletons always fell apart. That is why this time they took it out together with about 50 centimetres of soil that was around it. Then they wrapped it in fabric and put it in a plaster shell. Thus, the whole package weighed about 300 kilograms and 10 people had to be engaged to take it out. Then they loaded it in an old UAZ (an old Russian-made truck) and took it to the town`s Historical museum.
A part of the arm - between the elbow and the shoulder - was missing. According to the scientists this was a part of the burial ritual.
The finding of this first Monochrome Neolithic burial proves the earliest human presence and is an important scientific contribution to history, says Mr. Georgi Ganetzovski. He thinks that Todorka from Ohoden changes the theories of when the agricultural civilization initiated. The research of the area proved that happened in the last centuries of the 7th millenium B.C.
The 6 scientists participating in the search for the oldest agricultural civilization on the Balkans were expecting the sensation from the verry beginning of the operation in the spring of 2004. This project is financed by the National foundation for scientific research and its second stage is being worked on right now. The team of scientists is quite impressive - among them are Henrieta Todorova, Zlatka Zlateva and Elena Marinova from Sofia Univesrity, Lazar Ninov, Ph.D. from BAN and the expert in human bones analysis Viviana Miteva.
The oldest known ancient village near the Ohoden village is at the bank of the Skut river and is less then 2 meters under ground. It is also well preserved. Since the spring of 2004 there have been some interesting findings there. One is the first house built half way under ground and designed with a basement. The floor of the living area was finished with a thik layer of clay, providing excellent thermal isolation. The first farmers living here must have been true virtuosos in making flint artifacts. More than 2300 of these are found untill now in the area. These farmers discovered ceramics - baked clay - by using a chemical reaction to obtain one substance from another. The scientists near Ohoden must have had gold fever too, because they washed through tens of kilos of dirt from the bottom of the river Skut. They did not find gold, but found something very important - half burned wheat corns. After analysis it was determined that they were from a corn storage place in one of the houses` basement. After the genetic tests we will soon have information about the oldest known wheat used for food.
Rayna Tosheva
Archaeological studies around the village of Ohoden, district of Vratza
In the year 2002 was the beginning of the archaeological studies of a village from the early Neolithic age near Ohoden, district Vratza. They were led by Georgi Ganetzovski - an archaeologist in the RIM (the main historical museum of the Vratza district). These studies attracted the attention of Austrian and Swedish scientists and tourists. The first results showed remnants from an unknown culture and got many scientists interested. The data showed that the first people who grew crops settled around Vratza between the end of the 7th and the beginning of the 6th millenium B.C. We are on our way to proving that the earliest civilization in south eastern Europe in which people lived off the land appeared several centuries earlier than we thought untill now. It was a mixture from people migrating from Asia Minor and locals, who had reached a level of evolution high enough to replace the hunting nomad way of life with an early stage of agricultural production economy.
In the spring and autumn of 2004 the work of the archaeologists continued, alothough it was on a smaller scale due to its limited funds from the "National foundation for scientific research". A new project was started and called "Research of the first agricultural civilization in Bulgaria". For the first time an interdisciplinary consisting of an archaeologist, ecologist, zoologist, and a specialist in flint artifacts was devoted entirely to studying the archaeological structures of great importance such as a house with a post structure and walls made of adobe and a skeleton of a woman with mediterranean features. The structures are from the "monochrome" Neolithic era and shift the initiation of agriculture in Bulgaria several senturies back. The burial of the woman was remarkably well preserved. It gave a good idea of what the ceremonies were like for this first European civilization about 8100 years ago. After careful floatation in the house and the burial ground the scientists found partially burnt corn and cultivated plants . After they were analysed in the botanical department of Sofia University it was determined these plants were the kind of wheat and lentils that existed and was used for food back in that era.
These discoveries near the Ohoden village have already caused serious scientific discussions and interest among the European scientists and journalists. Being talked about in the open media has also turned them into tourist attractions. Knowing the importance of these discoveries we think that the questions arising from them can be answered only by conducting a large scale archaeological research. It is also important that we announce the results of the research quickly. We suggest the following actions:
- archaeological research in an area of 600 sq.m. within two months;
- actualization of a multimedia presentation and an internet site devoted to the discoveries;
- organization of an educational sessions in experimental archaeology that would attract tourists from Bulgaria and abroad;
- realizing of an exhibition in the Historical Museum of Vratza, entitled "The first agricultural civilization in Bulgaria" . During the sessions there will be demonstrations of all the working and cultural activities of the early neolithic people. Special attention will be devoted to the way they tilled their land and obtained crops from specific plants.
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