As for the paternal and maternal genetic lineages of Finnish people and other peoples, see e.g. [27]. In essence, the types of mtDNA markers of Finnish people do not differ from those of other European ethnicities. With regard to the Y-chromosome, besides the markers found in other European populations, the haplotype N3 appears in Finland at clearly higher frequencies than in most other European populations. Haplotype N3 is a subgroup of the haplogroup N (Y-DNA) distributed across northern Eurasia and estimated in a recent study to be 10-20,000 years old and suggested to have entered Europe about 12-14,000 years ago from Asia. [28] and [29]

According to recent autosomal (genomewide, 10.000 markers instead of few looked at Y-DNA and MtDNA-studies) give distinct picture of Finnish genes. Finns are a genetic isolate. It could be said that all other Europeans have Finnish genes but Finns dont have genes of all other Europeans. Finns show very little if any Mediterranean and African genes but on the other hand allmost 10% Finnish genes seem to be Siberian in origin. Nevertheless more than 80% of Finnish genes are from single ancient North-European population, while most Europeans are admixture of 3 or more principal components.[6]

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