Барут
3 отговора
145 прегледа
Re: Барут
Да, използвуват. Оръдията са най-големите за времето си. Проектирани и изработени от унгарския инженер Урбан.
Ето и цялата история:
Opportunity Knocks
An essential key to surviving change is to understand the implications of innovation when you are confronted by it. Advantages and disadvantages have to be weighed, short-term and long-term implications assessed. If you choose not to deploy a particular design tool or innovative process, your competition might, with disastrous results. A very clear-cut example of this happened 548 years ago concerning two emperors and a gunsmith, with far-reaching consequences.
Constantinople (now Istanbul) in 1452 was the capital of the Greek-Byzantine Empire, a distant remnant of the ancient Roman Empire. At that time, Constantinople was the unrivaled center of intellectual knowledge and classical tradition for Christendom (Europe).
Constantinople was built on a peninsula at the mouth of the Bosphorus, controlling an important trade route between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean. This was a location of great strategic significance, as it allowed the city to control main trade route between east and west. The Byzantine Empire’s location also placed it in the front line between the two predominant and competing religions of the time, Christianity and Islam, the latter represented the Ottoman Empire ruled by Sultan Mehmed II.
Enter a chap called Urban, a Hungarian engineer, gunsmith, technologist and entrepreneur, who presented himself at the Byzantine court and managed to get an audience with the Emperor, Constantine XI. Urban attempted to sell his services to the Emperor, on the pretext that he had the manufacturing technology to build a 13-foot “super-gun,” the likes of which had never been seen before and would undoubtedly protect the city from any Ottoman land or sea invasion.
Constantine chose not to employ Urban’s services as he thought he wanted too much money, was shocked at the large amount of bronze required to build such a weapon (a scarce resource at that time) and was not convinced of the benefit of a single massive gun.
Business is business. Being a commercially minded man, Urban then journeyed on to Adrianople, capital of the Ottoman Empire, where Sultan Mehmed II willingly received him. Mehmed listened to Urban’s proposal and seized the opportunity, offering Urban four times the amount he asked and promised him all the resources he needed to make the one gun (If only he was my boss!).
Twelve weeks later, Urban had produced the super-cannon and Mehmed had it installed, rather provocatively, in his fortress 10 miles up the coast from Constantinople. This allowed the Ottomans to blockade all the commercial sailing traffic moving between the Orient and Europe. A Venetian ship did try and run the blockade, but was skillfully hit and sunk with the super-gun. After that, the trading nations were forced to recognize the new power in the region and sued for trading agreements with the Ottomans, not wishing to enter into hostilities considering the lucrative importance of the trade routes. The investment in the technological know-how and resources required to manufacture the cannon had paid dividends within three months.
Unfortunately for Constantine and the Byzantine Empire, our story is not yet over, as in 1453 the Ottomans blockaded Constantinople with an armada, in conjunction with a sizable army encamped outside the city walls. However, the worst was yet to come. Urban had come up with an even bigger gun for Mehmed, more than twice the size of his original super-gun. Its bronze barrel was greater than 26 feet long, 30 inches in diameter and capable of firing 800 lb. projectiles for great distances. Even though the cannon could only be fired up seven times a day, Constantinople’s triple walls could not take the pasting meted out by Urban’s new uber-cannon, eventually exposing the city to a land attack. Constantinople and the Byzantine Empire fell in a little over a month. Almost immediately, Mehmed expanded the trading facilities at Constantinople, re-enforcing its place at the of excellence for silk, tiles, ceramics and textiles. Unknown to Urban, his services to the Ottoman Empire indirectly created the seeds from which the European Renaissance was to grow.
[линк]
Be Wise As Serpents
Ето и цялата история:
Opportunity Knocks
An essential key to surviving change is to understand the implications of innovation when you are confronted by it. Advantages and disadvantages have to be weighed, short-term and long-term implications assessed. If you choose not to deploy a particular design tool or innovative process, your competition might, with disastrous results. A very clear-cut example of this happened 548 years ago concerning two emperors and a gunsmith, with far-reaching consequences.
Constantinople (now Istanbul) in 1452 was the capital of the Greek-Byzantine Empire, a distant remnant of the ancient Roman Empire. At that time, Constantinople was the unrivaled center of intellectual knowledge and classical tradition for Christendom (Europe).
Constantinople was built on a peninsula at the mouth of the Bosphorus, controlling an important trade route between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean. This was a location of great strategic significance, as it allowed the city to control main trade route between east and west. The Byzantine Empire’s location also placed it in the front line between the two predominant and competing religions of the time, Christianity and Islam, the latter represented the Ottoman Empire ruled by Sultan Mehmed II.
Enter a chap called Urban, a Hungarian engineer, gunsmith, technologist and entrepreneur, who presented himself at the Byzantine court and managed to get an audience with the Emperor, Constantine XI. Urban attempted to sell his services to the Emperor, on the pretext that he had the manufacturing technology to build a 13-foot “super-gun,” the likes of which had never been seen before and would undoubtedly protect the city from any Ottoman land or sea invasion.
Constantine chose not to employ Urban’s services as he thought he wanted too much money, was shocked at the large amount of bronze required to build such a weapon (a scarce resource at that time) and was not convinced of the benefit of a single massive gun.
Business is business. Being a commercially minded man, Urban then journeyed on to Adrianople, capital of the Ottoman Empire, where Sultan Mehmed II willingly received him. Mehmed listened to Urban’s proposal and seized the opportunity, offering Urban four times the amount he asked and promised him all the resources he needed to make the one gun (If only he was my boss!).
Twelve weeks later, Urban had produced the super-cannon and Mehmed had it installed, rather provocatively, in his fortress 10 miles up the coast from Constantinople. This allowed the Ottomans to blockade all the commercial sailing traffic moving between the Orient and Europe. A Venetian ship did try and run the blockade, but was skillfully hit and sunk with the super-gun. After that, the trading nations were forced to recognize the new power in the region and sued for trading agreements with the Ottomans, not wishing to enter into hostilities considering the lucrative importance of the trade routes. The investment in the technological know-how and resources required to manufacture the cannon had paid dividends within three months.
Unfortunately for Constantine and the Byzantine Empire, our story is not yet over, as in 1453 the Ottomans blockaded Constantinople with an armada, in conjunction with a sizable army encamped outside the city walls. However, the worst was yet to come. Urban had come up with an even bigger gun for Mehmed, more than twice the size of his original super-gun. Its bronze barrel was greater than 26 feet long, 30 inches in diameter and capable of firing 800 lb. projectiles for great distances. Even though the cannon could only be fired up seven times a day, Constantinople’s triple walls could not take the pasting meted out by Urban’s new uber-cannon, eventually exposing the city to a land attack. Constantinople and the Byzantine Empire fell in a little over a month. Almost immediately, Mehmed expanded the trading facilities at Constantinople, re-enforcing its place at the of excellence for silk, tiles, ceramics and textiles. Unknown to Urban, his services to the Ottoman Empire indirectly created the seeds from which the European Renaissance was to grow.
[линк]
Be Wise As Serpents
в отговор на Paмбo Aмaдeyc
#4
Re: Барут
Благодаря на всички отзовали се... ще го запомня това.
Дълбина- дълбина, не съм твой, пусни ме, Дълбина...
Дълбина- дълбина, не съм твой, пусни ме, Дълбина...