A US student who was fined $675,000 (£421,000) for illegally downloading music has asked a judge to reduce the damages or offer him a retrial.

Joel Tenebaum said that the costs awarded were "grossly excessive".

The court case focused on 30 tracks that Mr Tenebaum admitted downloading. He was fined $22,500 per song.

The court admitted that initially the market for online music was "unfair" because there were not many legal alternative to illegal downloads.

The case, between Sony BMG and Mr Tenebaum, was one of the first to acknowledge that consumers did not have much choice in the early days of digital music.

But Mr Tenebaum was fined more heavily because some of his downloading activities were detected after Apple established its iTunes store, the court said.

Mr Tenebaum is working with internet lawyer Charles Nesson.

In his motion, filed to the Massachusetts District Court he argues that the fact that iTunes music was initially restricted by Digital Rights Management software made it "less appealing" than illegal DRM-free alternatives.

"The court ignored the impact encryption had on the fairness of music consumers' choice," said Mr Nesson.

"Tenebaum and all other music listeners could not get exactly the songs they wanted, in exactly the format they wanted until the industry giants changed their position in 2007," he added.

As such he argues that "the Court should substantially reduce the bankrupting...award against Tenebaum".

Under US law, recording companies can claim up to $30,000 per infringement although the jury can raise the amount to $150,000 if it finds the infringements were wilful.

Although his trial focused on 30 tracks, Mr Tenebaum admitted downloading more than 800 songs since 1999.

After the trial, supporters began to donate money to Mr Tenebaum but he refused it.

"I ask no-one to help me. And I ask for no-one to cover what I signed up for," he said at the time.

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