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... видях този текст на един сайт, може ли някой да ме насочи към целата книга и може и да е полезна информация за проследяването на северните български граници
(Constantine Porphyrogenitus De
Administrando Imperio, Ed. by Gy. Moravcsik, tr. by R. J. H. Jenkins,
New, rev. ed. (Washington, D. C.: Dumbarton Oaks Center for Byzantine
Studies, 1967), pp. 49-51, 167-171, 57-63,):
"Of the nation of the Pechenegs
Originally, the Pechenegs had their dwelling on the river Atil, and
likewise on the river Geich, having common frontiers with the Chazars
and the so-called Uzes. But fifty years ago the so-called Uzes made
common cause with the Chazars and joined battle with the Pechenegs and
prevailed over them and expelled them from their country, which the
so-called Uzes have occupied till this day. The Pechenegs fled and
wandered round, casting about for a place for their settlement; and when
they reached the land which they now possess and found the Turks living
in it, they defeated them in battle and expelled and cast them out, and
settled in it, and have been masters of this country, as has been said,
for fifty-five years to this day.
The whole of Patzinacia is divided into eight provinces with the same
number of great princes. The provinces are these: the name of the first
province is Irtim; of the second, Tzour; of the third, Gyla; of the
fourth, Koulpei; of the fifth, Charaboi; of the sixth, Talmat; of the
seventh, Chopon; of the eighth, Tzopon. At the time at which the
Pechenegs were expelled from their country, their princes were, in the
province of Irtim, Baitzas; in Tzour, Konel; in Gyla, Kourkoutai; in
Koulpei, Ipaos; in Charaboi, Kaidoum; in the province of Talmat, Kostas;
in Chopon, Giazis; in the province of Tzopon, Batas. After their deaths
their cousins succeeded to their rule. For law and ancient principle
have prevailed among them, depriving them of authority to transmit their
ranks to their sons or their brothers, it being sufficient for those in
power to rule for their own life-time only, and when they die, either
their cousin or sons of their cousins must be appointed, so that the
rank may not run exclusively in one branch of the family, but the
collaterals also inherit and succeed to the honour; but no one from a
stranger family intrudes and becomes a prince. The eight provinces are
divided into forty districts, and these have minor princelings over them.
Four clans of the Pechenegs, that is to say, the province of
Kouartzitzour and the province of Syroukalpei and the province of
Borotalmat and the province of Boulatzopon, lie beyond the Dnieper river
towards the eastern and northern parts that face Uzia and Chazaria and
Alania and Cherson and the rest of the Regions. The other four clans lie
on this side of the Dnieper river, towards the western and northern
parts, that is to say that the province of Giazichopon is neighbour to
Bulgaria, the province of Kato Gyla is neighbour to Turkey, the province
of Charaboi is neighbour to Russia, and the province of Iabdiertim is
neighbour to the tributary territories of the country of Russia, to the
Oultines and Dervlenines and Lenzenines and the rest of the Slavs.
Patzinacia is distant a five days journey from Uzia and Chazaria, a six
days journey from Alania, a ten days journey from Mordia, one day's
journey from Russia, a four days journey from Turkey, half a day's
journey from Bulgaria; to Cherson it is very near, and to Bosporus
closer still.
At the time when the Pechenegs were expelled from their country, some of
them of their own will and personal decision stayed behind there and
united with the so-called Uzes, and even to this day they live among
them, and wear such distinguishing marks as separate them off and betray
their origin and how it came about that they were split off from their
own folk: for their tunics are short, reaching to the knee, and their
sleeves are cut off at the shoulder, whereby, you see, they indicate
that they have been cut off from their own folk and those of their race.
On this side of the Dniester river, towards the part that faces
Bulgaria, at the crossings of this same river, are deserted cities: the
first city is that called by the Pechenegs Aspron, because its stones
look very white; the second city is Toungatai; the third city is
Kraknakatai; the fourth city is Salmakatai; the fifth city is Sakakatai;
the sixth city is Giaioukatai. Among these buildings of the ancient
cities are found some distinctive traces of churches, and crosses hewn
out of porous stone, whence some preserve a tradition that once on a
time Romans had settlements there...."
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