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VERY interesting reading!
Go to the page (PDF-file, URL below) and read more. I have copied here just tiny snippets.
As to fragrance chemicals....., synthetic musks are not allowed; if 13 fragrance chemicals causing skin allergy are used
they must be listed.
Considering that there are over hundred fragrance chemicals in use known already to cause contact allergy....(see P.S.
at the end)
Considering that fragrance chemicals are not tested via inhalation/CNS effects & systemic effects (via inhalation)
Considering that only ca. 1500 fragranced chemicals have been safety tested as to 'adverse cutaneous effects' by RIFM -
in EU's Cosmetics Directive 2750 are listed right now...
Reading the lists of banned chemicals is interesting, they can be used in products without EU Eco-label !
I have not paid attention to EU Eco-label, but don't use detergents, etc. with other Eco-labels either because they are
not fragrance-free.
Anyway for products like computers, TVs, etc. this is progress!
Interesting that Musk Ambrette is listed:
musk ambrette: 4-tert-butyl-3-methoxy-2,6-dinitrotoluene
It's use in products with EU Eco-label is not allowed (next to other synthetic musks), but can it be used in
non-Eco-labelled products other than cosmetics???
It's use in cosmetics was banned in May 2000
Musk Ambrette (CAS No. 83-66-9) Marjo collected the info:
In 1981 IFRA recommended that musk ambrette should be used at max 4 % in new fragrance mix
In 1994 IFRA recommended not to use musk ambrette in cosmetics and hygiene products
In 1995 EU prohibited the use of musk ambrette as a raw material in cosmetic products
In May 2000 EU suggested that the use of musk ambrette as fragrance chemical should be prohibited
.....................................................................
Neurotoxic properties of musk ambrette 1984
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/htbin-post/Entrez/query?uid=6474483&form=6&db=m&Dopt=b
1: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1984 Sep 30;75(3):571-5
Neurotoxic properties of musk ambrette.
Spencer PS, Bischoff-Fenton MC, Moreno OM, Opdyke DL, Ford RA.
Musk ambrette (2,6-dinitro-3-methoxy-4-tert-butyltoluene), a nitro-musk compound widely used as a fixative in fragrance
formulations and found to a lesser degree in flavor compositions, produces hindlimb weakness when administered in the
diet or applied to skin of rats for periods up to 12 weeks. Underlying neuropathologic changes consist of primary
demyelination and distal axonal degeneration in selected regions of the central and peripheral nervous system. Murine
neurological disease induced by musk ambrette occurs at doses well above estimated maximum daily human exposure.
Lifetime experimental neurotoxicology studies using lower concentrations of musk ambrette for prolonged periods would be
needed for the estimation of human risk.
PMID: 6474483 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MUSK AMBRETTE ... prohibited (copied from the PDF-file)
Entry n° 32 : MUSK AMBRETTE
Synonym : 2,6-Dinitro -3-methoxy-4-tert-butyltoluene
CAS n° : 83-66-9
Structure :
Acute toxicity : The acute oral LD50 in rats has been reported as 339 mg/kg (Jenner,
Hagan, Taylor, Cook & Fitzhugh, 1964) and as 4.8 g/kg (4.3-5.3 g/kg) (Moreno, 1972a). The
acute dermal LD50 in rabbits exceeded 2 g/kg (Moreno, 1972b).
Sub-acute toxicity : In a 12-wk feeding study in rats the no-effect level was 0.76 mg/kg (Bдr
& Griepentrog, 1967). In another feeding study, diets containing 500, 1500, 2500 or 4000 ppm
were fed to male rats for 50 wk and to female rats for 20 wk (Davis, Taylor, Jones & Brouwer,
1967).
All but the lowest dose level caused marked loss in weight, progressive weakness of the
hind quarters, leading to complete loss of the use of the legs after 10-40 wk as a result of
histologically confirmed muscular atrophy, and blood changes, including a decrease in
erythrocyte count and clotting time and an icteric plasma (which was also observed at 500 ppm).
The toxic effects observed in this study occurred at dietary levels 2500 times greater than those
likely to be encountered in every-day human consumption.
Irritation : Musk ambrette applied full strength to intact or abraded rabbit skin for 24
hr under occlusion was moderately irritating (Moreno, 1972b). Tested at 20% in petrolatum, it
produced no irritation after a 48hr closed-patch test on human subjects (Kligman, 1972).
Sensitization : A maximization test (Kligman, 1966; Kligman & Epstein, 1975) was
carried out on 25 volunteers. The material was tested at a concentration of 20% in petrolatum and
produced no sensitization reactions (Kligman, 1972).
References : Monographs on Fragrance Raw Materials, Food and and Cosmetics
Toxicology, Volume 13 Supplement, December 1975, p. 875
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
In Swedish:
Musk ambrette Kosmetikakommittйns fцrbudsfцrslag maj 2000
Kosmetikakommittйns fцrbudsfцrslag
http://www.shenet.se/referens/lagsccnfpmaj00.html
Kosmetikakommittйns fцrbudsfцrslag
EU:s gдllande fцrbudslista fцr kosmetika
Direktlдnkar till lagtexter och myndigheter
32: Musk ambrette
Synonym 2,6-Dinitro -3-methoxy-4-tert-butyltoluene
CAS-nummer: 83-66-9
Fцrbud. Bцr inte anvдndas som doftдmne (fotosensibiliserande, nervgift, ansamlas).
Redan fцrbjuden som kosmetikaingrediens (nr 414 pе fцrbudslistan).
_________________________________________________
Marjo - atopic ***) (see at the end)
_________________________________________________
The European Eco-label sets ecological criteria for a range of products and services. It has existed for more than 10
years and can be awarded to 21 product groups. The EU eco-label is the only label which covers products moving
across borders in Europe. It is a voluntary scheme that provides guidance for consumers who want to make an
informed choice in order to support sustainable consumption patterns.
Avenue de Tervueren 36, bte 4, B-1040 Bruxelles, Tйl: (+32-2) 743 15 90, Fax: (+32-2) 740.28.02
Mobile: (32)476860104 - E-mail : consumers@beuc.org - Website: www.beuc.org
_________________________________________________
BEUC
http://www.beuc.org/Content/Default.asp?
http://212.3.246.143/Content/Default.asp?PageID=137
http://212.3.246.143/1/LCJJHODDFFNPJADPFNIFDOBGPDBK9DB1W69DW3571KM/BEUC/docs/DLS/2004-00513-01-E.pdf
The EU Eco-label - less hazardous chemicals in everyday consumer products
Bureau Europйen des Unions de Consommateurs, Avenue de Tervueren 36, bte 4, B-1040 Bruxelles
Tel: +32(0)27 43 15 90, Fax: +32(0)27 40 28 02, consumers@beuc.org, http://www.beuc.org
Europдischer Verbraucherverband Neytendasamtцk Evrуpu Euroopan Kuluttajaliitto
Europese Consumentenorganisatie Eurуpai Fogyasztуk Szervezete Europejska Organizacja Konsumencka
Organizaciуn Europea de Consumidores Evropska potrosniska organizacija Eхс..aпk. Opy.н.sз Kaфaнaл.ф.н
Organizaзгo Europeia de Consumidores Den Europeiske Forbrukerorganisasjonen Den Europжiske Forbrugerorganisation
Organizzazione Europea dei Consumatori Den Europeiska Konsumentorganisationen
BEUC/X/010/2004
11 March, 2004
Contact : Charlotte de Roo
Email : cro@beuc.org
Lang : EN
Marie-Pierre Locret, Eco-label Manager
Charlotte de Roo, Environment, Safety and Health Advisor
The REACH proposal only applies to the stage of consumer articles in a very limited way. Only
chemicals in articles which have dangerous (1) properties and only if the chemicals are intended
to be released from the article and the chemical contained in the article type is marketed in
more than 1 ton per year per manufacturer should be registered. The quantity of the substance
released must also have an adverse affect on human health or the environment. Moreover,
REACH will become reality only 11 years after the entry into force of the new legislation.
Consumers will be left empty-handed until maybe 2020 and by then, still be poorly informed.
The eco-label goes a step further by taking the final product into account. Thanks to the holistic
approach followed in the establishment of criteria, the assessment of the product's impact on
the environment is conducted throughout the whole of its life-cycle.
(1) According to Directive 67/548/EEC
The eco-label can be considered as the only 'legislation' of this kind : it is innovative when
indicating which chemicals that are recognised and classified as problematic can have an
impact on the environment and/or human health, when expressed in a total dose to which
human beings are exposed.
REACH could benefit substantially from the experience of the eco-label scheme. It is a very
advanced scheme compared to existing legislation on chemicals and it has been demonstrated
that producers can provide these products.
In the meantime we hope that consumers will benefit from the advice that products with the EU
eco-label minimize the chemical exposure from consumer products and that industry and
retailers will ensure EU eco-labelled products are on the market. If the eco-label were
sufficiently present in all member states then consumers would be able to not only have good
intentions but also adapt their actual behaviour to make a "green choice".
/ 86 BEUC/X/110/2004
page 9
Overview of eco-labelled product groups' criteria on chemical
content vs existing legislation
. All purpose cleaners and cleaners for sanitary facilities 10 (page no.)
. Bed mattresses 16
. Copying and graphic paper 21
. Detergents for dishwashers 25
. Dishwashers 29
. Footwear 31
. Hand dishwashing detergents 36
. Hard floor coverings 41
. Indoor paints and varnishes 44
. Laundry detergents 49
. Light bulbs 53
. Personal computers 56
. Portable computers 59
. Refrigerators 60
. Soil improvers 63
. Televisions 66
. Textile products 69
. Tissue paper 80
. Vacuum cleaners 83
. Washing machines 85
* * * * * * * * * * * * * *
ALL PURPOSE CLEANERS AND CLEANERS FOR SANITARY
FACILITIES
Dangerous, hazardous or toxic substances or preparations
Ban of following ingredients:
- alkylphenolethoxylates (APEOs)
- nitromusks and polycyclic musks, including for example:
musk xylene: 5-tert-butyl-2,4,6-trinitro-m-xylene
musk ambrette: 4-tert-butyl-3-methoxy-2,6-dinitrotoluene
moskene: 1,1,3,3,5-pentamethyl-4,6-dinitroindan
musk tibetine: 1-tert-butyl-3,4,5-trimethyl-2,6-dinitrobenzene
musk ketone: 4'-tert-butyl-2',6'-dimethyl-3',5'-dinitroacetaphenone
HHCB: 1,3,4,6,7,8-Hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclopenta(g)-2-benzopyran
AHTN: 6-Acetyl-1,1,2,4,4,7-hexamethyltetralin
- EDTA (ehtylene-diamine-tetra-acetate)
- NTA (nitrilo-tri-acetate)
- quarternary ammonium compounds
- glutaraldehyde
Ban of ingredients classified as:
R31 (contact with acid liberates toxic gas),
R40 (limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect),
R45 (may cause cancer),
R46 (may cause heritable genetic damage),
R49 (may cause cancer by inhalation),
R68 (possible risks of irreversible effects)
R50+53 (very toxic to aquatic organisms and may cause long term adverse effects in the
aquatic environment),
R 51+53 (toxic to aquatic organisms and may cause long term adverse effects in the aquatic
environment),
R59 (dangerous to the ozone layer),
R60 (may impair fertility),
R61 (may cause harm to the unborn child),
R62 (possible risk of impaired fertility),
R63 (possible risk of harm to the unborn child),
R64 (may cause harm to breastfed babies),
Each ingredient of any preparation used, exceeding 0,1% by weight, should comply with this
requirement.
Biocides that are used to preserve the product and that are classified as R50 + 53 or R51 + 53
are permitted, only if they are not potentially bio-accumulative.
Volatile organic compounds
The product shall not contain more than 10% (by weight) of volatile organic compounds with a
boiling point lower than 150 C°.
Dyes or colouring agents
Any dyes or colouring agents used in the product must be permitted by Council Directive
76/768/EEC on cosmetic products and its subsequent amendments.
Fragrances
The product shall not contain perfumes containing nitro-musks or polycyclic musks.
If one or more of the following fragrances is contained, this shall be clearly indicated on the
packaging:
amyl cinnamal - benzyl alcohol - cinnamyl alcohol - citral - eugenol - hydroxycitronellal -
isoeugenol - amylcinnamyl alcohol - benzyl salicyclate - cinnamal - coumarin - geraniol -
hydroxymethylpenthylcyclohexenecarboxaldehyde
Sensitising substances
The product shall not be classified as R42 (may cause sensitisation by inhalation) and/or R43
(may cause sensitisation by skin contact) according to Directive 1999/45/EC.
Biocides
(a) The product may only include biocides in order to preserve the product, and in the
appropriate dosage for this purpose alone. This does not refer to surfactants which may also
have biocidal properties.
(b) It is prohibited to claim or suggest on the packaging or by any other communication that the
product has an antimicrobial action.
*snip*
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
P.S.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=14749031&dopt=Abst
ract
1: Am J Contact Dermat. 2003 Jun;14(2):100-3.
Related Articles,Links
Considerations for testing irritancy, allergy, and photoreactivity in fragrance safety evaluations.
Hanifin JM, Api AM, Bickers DR.
Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA.
The aims of the Research Institute for Fragrance Materials, Inc. (RIFM), an international nonprofit
science-based organization established in 1966 by the fragrance industry, include the prevention of
adverse cutaneous effects, systemic toxicity, and environmental consequences from fragrance
ingredients. This paper gives an overview of the RIFM testing and research program, how priorities
are established, and how RIFM's safety evaluation process works.
PMID: 14749031 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
..........................
RIFM has not even managed with their ''aim as to the prevention of adverse cutaneous effects''./Marjo
''About 2500 different fragrance ingredients are currently used in the composition of perfumes and
at least 100 of these are known contact allergens.''
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=14572300&dopt=Abstrac
t
1: Am J Clin Dermatol. 2003;4(11):789-98. Related Articles, Links
Fragrance contact allergy : a clinical review.
Johansen J.
Department of Dermatology, The National Allergy Research Centre, Gentofte Hospital, University of
Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Most people in modern society are exposed daily to fragrance ingredients from one or more sources.
Fragrance ingredients are also one of the most frequent causes of contact allergic reactions. The
diagnosis is made by patch testing with a mixture of fragrance ingredients, the fragrance mix. This
gives a positive patch-test reaction in about 10% of tested patients with eczema, and the most
recent estimates show that 1.7-4.1% of the general population are sensitized to ingredients of the
fragrance mix. Fragrance allergy occurs predominantly in women with facial or hand eczema. These
women typically have a history of rash to a fine fragrance or scented deodorants. Chemical analysis
has revealed that well known allergens from the fragrance mix are present in 15-100% of cosmetic
products, including deodorants and fine fragrances, and most often in combinations of three to four
allergens in the same products. This means that it is difficult to avoid exposure, as products
labelled as 'fragrance free' have also been shown to contain fragrance ingredients, either because
of the use of fragrance ingredients as preservatives or masking perfumes, or the use of
botanicals.About 2500 different fragrance ingredients are currently used in the composition of
perfumes and at least 100 of these are known contact allergens. Therefore, it is advisable to
supplement standard patch testing with the patient's own stay-on cosmetic products, as well as the
fragrance chemical hydroxyisohexyl-3-cyclohexane carboxaldehyde, which on its own gives responses in
1-3% of tested patients. The focus in recent years on the ingredients of the fragrance mix will
probably result in the fragrance industry changing the composition of perfumes, and thus make the
current diagnostic test less useful. New diagnostic tests are under development to identify contact
allergy to new allergens, reflecting the continuous developments and trends in exposure.
PMID: 14572300 [PubMed - in process]
----------------------------------------------------------
2750 fragrance chemicals listed:
PERFUME AND AROMATIC RAW MATERIALS
Adopted by the SCCNFP during the plenary session
of 24 October 2000
http://europa.eu.int/comm/health/ph_risk/committees/sccp/sccp_opinions_en.htm
Opinion concerning the 1st update of the inventory of ingredients employed in cosmetic products section II : perfume and
aromatic raw materials (adopted by the SCCNFP during the plenary session of 24 October 2000)(934KB)
http://europa.eu.int/comm/health/ph_risk/committees/sccp/documents/out131_en.pdf
=============================
***)
Is allergy inherited?
Someone who gets one of these allergic illnesses is more likely to get one of the others, and as a group these problems
run in families. We now know that there are a number of different genes which, when inherited, cause a person to have
the tendency to get these conditions.
This tendency is called atopy. If you have the tendency you are atopic.
Atopy is the tendency to develop immediate hypersensitivity more readily than most people if substances capable of
causing this kind of allergy come into contact with the surface membranes (so-called mucous membranes) of your digestive
system or your respiratory system.
Possibly this also applies to some things which come into contact with the skin.
http://www.users.globalnet.co.uk/~aair/allergy.htm
Dr. Martin Stern, UK
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